After a longer-than-necessary
debate, Congress and the administration have reached an agreement on
compensation for the few individuals who will suffer side-effects as a result of
a smallpox vaccination. While the plan may not placate every critic, the
nation's unpreparedness for a smallpox crisis calls for swift action.
The final agreement, reached between
White House Chief of Staff Andrew Card and Sen. Edward Kennedy, is more generous
than what the White House originally called for, but not unreasonably so. Under
the original plan, those killed or permanently incapacitated would have received
up to $262,100, while those less severely injured would have received up to
$50,000 in lost wages. Under the new plan, the families of those who suffer
fatal side-effects will have the choice between a lump sum of $262,100 or
payments of up to $50,000 per annum from the deceased's lost wages until the
youngest child is 18 years old, with no cap. Those permanently disabled will be
eligible for $50,000 each year until age 65 with no cap. The agreement also
removed the administration's original requirement that individuals be vaccinated
within 180 days to qualify for benefits.
The elimination of the 180-day
provision is likely the most problematic, since it works against the need for
speedy inoculations. Moreover, vaccines only last about 60 days after their
vials have been opened. Since the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC) have shipped over 285,000 doses of the vaccine, tens of thousands could
spoil if they are not used.
Now, there's some hope that they
will be. With vaccinations now coupled with a compensation package, the Service
Employees International Union the nation's largest for health-care workers
has endorsed the program, contrary to its previous stance. The American Public
Health Association has also given the plan its support.
The endorsements couldn't come at a
better time, since the administration's plan to inoculate the citizenry has
stalled badly. According to The Washington Post, only 32,000 of the 450,000
health-care workers that states hoped would get immunized have actually done so.
Concerns about compensation have
been one reason for the recalcitrance of the medical community. So have worries
about side-effects of the shot, which now include myocarditis (heart
inflammation). However, the chances of complications from a smallpox shot are
minuscule, and the odds of lethal side effects are even smaller. Pre-vaccination
screening will continue to reduce the danger to high-risk groups, and reasonable
precautions must not become paralysis.
Critics also fear that the focus on
smallpox has taken resources away from preparing for other threats or treatment
of emerging diseases, such as SARS. However, those threats must be prioritized,
and the administration has properly put primacy on smallpox preparedness, given
its infectivity, its lethality and its plausible availability to terrorists.
Health-care workers refusing the
inoculation are not merely gambling with their patients' lives, but also their
own. They should learn a lesson from the ongoing outbreak of SARS, which has hit
health-care workers particularly hard, seemingly a consequence of their close
proximity to patients. A smallpox outbreak could wreak havoc among those
unvaccinated health-care workers given charge of casualties.
Health-care workers will be on the
front lines during a smallpox attack, but so will civilians. Thanks to the
stubbornness of the health-care community, the public remains unprepared for a
smallpox crisis. All the more reason for the administration to open up smallpox
vaccinations to all the citizens who want them without the necessity of a
clinical trial.
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"A foolish faith in authority is the worst enemy of truth."
-- Albert Einstein, letter to a friend, 1901
"I know of no safe depository of the ultimate powers of the society but the people themselves, and if we think them not enlightened enough to exercise control with a wholesome discretion, the remedy is not to take it from them, but to inform their discretion by education."
-- Thomas Jefferson, letter to William C. Jarvis, September 28, 1820
"What's the point of vaccination if it doesn't protect you from the unvaccinated?"
-- Sandy Gottstein
"Who gets to decide what the greater good is and how many will be sacrificed to it?"